* | June 13, 1890 Saginaw, Michigan, USA | |
† | July 27, 1964 Hollywood, California, USA |
Karen Burroughs Hannsberry Bad Boys, The Actors of Film Noir Jefferson, NC and London, 2003 |
Alfred E. Twomey and Arthur F. McClure The Versatiles, A Study of Supporting Character Actors and Actresses in the American Motion Picture, 1930-1955 South Brunswick and New York - London, 1969 |