* | December 25, 1901 Brooklyn, New York, USA | |
† | March 28, 1978 Los Angeles, California, USA |
Joe Bonomo The Strongman, A True Life Pictorial Autobiography of the Hercules of the Screen, Joe Bonomo ew York, 1968 |
George A. Katchmer Eighty silent film stars, Biographies and filmographies of the obscure to the well known Jefferson, North Carolina, and London, 1991 |