* | November 13, 1897 Chicago, Illinois, USA | |
† | January 18, 1975 Beverly Hills, California, USA |
Anthony Slide Silent Players, A Biographical and Autobiographical Study of 100 Silent Film Actors and Actresses Lexington, Ky, 2002 |
Roy Liebman Silent Film Performers, An Annotated Bibliography of Published, Unpublished and Archival Sources for over 350 Actors and Actresses Jefferson, North Carolina, and London, 1996 |
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Martin J. Quigley (ed.) The Motion Picture Almanac, Big Stars in Big Pictures Chicago, Ill., 1929 |
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Charles Donald Fox Mirrors of Hollywood, with brief biographies of favorite film folk New York, 1925 |
John Richard Finch and Paul Elby Close-Ups, From the Golden Age of the Silent Cinema South Brunswick and New York - London, 1978 |