* | August 10, 1894 New York City, New York, USA | |
† | July 16, 1936 Hollywood, California, USA |
John C. Tibbetts and James M. Welsh The Encyclopedia of Filmmakers, Volume I New York, NY, 2002 |
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Charles Donald Fox and Milton L. Silver (eds.) Who's Who on the Screen New York City, 1920 |
Kay Weniger Das große Personenlexikon des Films, Zweiter Band, C-F Berlin, 2001 |