* | November 14, 1882 | |
† | March 4, 1969 |
Tom Pendergast, Sara Pendergast (eds.) International Dictionary of Films and Filmmakers, 4. Writers and Production Artists Detroit/New York/San Francisco/London/Boston/Woodbridge, CT, 2000 |
Richard Abel (ed.) Encyclopedia of early cinema London and New York, 2005 |
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David Thomson The New Biographical Dictionary of Film New York, 2003 |