* | April 19, 1899 San Francisco, California | |
† | September 4, 1985 Tulsa, Oklahoma |
Anthony Slide Silent Players, A Biographical and Autobiographical Study of 100 Silent Film Actors and Actresses Lexington, Ky, 2002 |
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Cedric Osmond Bermingham (editor) Stars of the Screen 1931, A volume of biographies of contemporary actors and actresses engaged in photoplay throughout the world London, [1931] |
Roy Liebman Silent Film Performers, An Annotated Bibliography of Published, Unpublished and Archival Sources for over 350 Actors and Actresses Jefferson, North Carolina, and London, 1996 |
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Frank N. Magill (ed.) Magill's Cinema Annual 1986, A Survey of the Films of 1985 Pasadena, California; Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1986 p. 578 |
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Paul Michael, editor in chief. James Robert Parish, associate editor The American movies reference book, The sound era Englewood Cliffs, N.J.,, 1969 |
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Martin J. Quigley (ed.) The Motion Picture Almanac, Big Stars in Big Pictures Chicago, Ill., 1929 |
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Charles Donald Fox Mirrors of Hollywood, with brief biographies of favorite film folk New York, 1925 |
John Richard Finch and Paul Elby Close-Ups, From the Golden Age of the Silent Cinema South Brunswick and New York - London, 1978 |