* | July 26, 1895 Boston, Massachusetts, USA | |
† | March 6, 1967 Sacramento, California, USA |
George A. Katchmer Eighty silent film stars, Biographies and filmographies of the obscure to the well known Jefferson, North Carolina, and London, 1991 |
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Charles Donald Fox and Milton L. Silver (eds.) Who's Who on the Screen New York City, 1920 |
Roy Liebman Silent Film Performers, An Annotated Bibliography of Published, Unpublished and Archival Sources for over 350 Actors and Actresses Jefferson, North Carolina, and London, 1996 |
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Ken D. Jones, Arthur F. McClure, Alfred E. Twomey Character People, The Stalwarts of the Cinema South Brunswick and New York - London, 1976 |
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Charles Donald Fox Mirrors of Hollywood, with brief biographies of favorite film folk New York, 1925 |
John Richard Finch and Paul Elby Close-Ups, From the Golden Age of the Silent Cinema South Brunswick and New York - London, 1978 |