| * | March 19, 1873 Lewisham, England, UK | |
| † | February 9, 1953 Greenford, Middlesex, England, UK |
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John C. Tibbetts and James M. Welsh The Encyclopedia of Filmmakers, Volume I New York, NY, 2002 |
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| Tom Pendergast, Sara Pendergast (eds.) International Dictionary of Films and Filmmakers, 2. Directors Detroit/New York/San Francisco/London/Boston/Woodbridge, CT, 2000 |
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Richard Abel (ed.) Encyclopedia of early cinema London and New York, 2005 |