* | January 14, 1906 New York City, New York, USA | |
† | December 14, 1964 Los Angeles, California, USA |
Foreword by John-Michael Howson Cut!, Hollywood murders, accidents, and other tragedies Willoughby, Australia, 2005 |
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Karen Burroughs Hannsberry Bad Boys, The Actors of Film Noir Jefferson, NC and London, 2003 |
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Michael Schlossheimer Gunman and Gangsters, Profiles of Nine Actors Who Portrayed Memorable Screen Tough Guys Jefferson, North Carolina, and London, 2002 |
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Ronald L. Smith Who's Who in Comedy, Comedians, Comics and Clowns From Vaudeville to Today's Stand-ups New York, Oxford, 1992 |
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James Robert Parish and Lennard DeCarl with William T. Leonard and Gregory W. Mank Hollywood Players, The Forties New Rochelle, New York, 1976 |
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Ray Stuart (ed.) Immortals of the Screen New York, 1965 |
Douglas Brode Shooting stars of the small screen, Encyclopedia of TV Western actors, 1946-present Austin, 2009 |
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Kay Weniger Das große Personenlexikon des Films, Erster Band. A-C Berlin, 2001 |
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Glenn Mitchell The Marx Brothers Encyclopedia London, 1996 |
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Paul Michael, editor in chief. James Robert Parish, associate editor The American movies reference book, The sound era Englewood Cliffs, N.J.,, 1969 |