* | December 9, 1901 Duluth, Minnesota, USA | |
† | February 1, 1991 La Jolla, California, USA |
David W. Menefee The first female stars, women of the silent era Westport, Connecticut; London, 2004 |
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Anthony Slide Silent Players, A Biographical and Autobiographical Study of 100 Silent Film Actors and Actresses Lexington, Ky, 2002 |
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Ann Lloyd (ed.) Movies of the Silent Years London, 1985 |
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Charles Donald Fox and Milton L. Silver (eds.) Who's Who on the Screen New York City, 1920 |
Denise Lowe An Encyclopedic Dictionary of Women in Early American Films, 1895 - 1930 New York, London, Oxford, 2005 |
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Roy Liebman Silent Film Performers, An Annotated Bibliography of Published, Unpublished and Archival Sources for over 350 Actors and Actresses Jefferson, North Carolina, and London, 1996 |
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Frank N. Magill (ed.) Magill's Cinema Annual 1992, A Survey of the Films of 1991 Pasadena, Ca; Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1992 |
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Charles Donald Fox Mirrors of Hollywood, with brief biographies of favorite film folk New York, 1925 |