* | October 10, 1889 New York City, New York, USA | |
† | April 8, 1942 Los Angeles, California, USA |
Glenn Mitchell A-Z of Silent Film Comedy, An Illustrated Companion London, 1998 |
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Glenn Mitchell The Marx Brothers Encyclopedia London, 1996 |
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Ken D. Jones, Arthur F. McClure, Alfred E. Twomey Character People, The Stalwarts of the Cinema South Brunswick and New York - London, 1976 |