* | July 8, 1889 Winfield, Kansas, USA | |
† | September 3, 1954 Los Angeles, California, USA |
George A. Katchmer Eighty silent film stars, Biographies and filmographies of the obscure to the well known Jefferson, North Carolina, and London, 1991 |
||
Charles Donald Fox and Milton L. Silver (eds.) Who's Who on the Screen New York City, 1920 |
Glenn Mitchell A-Z of Silent Film Comedy, An Illustrated Companion London, 1998 |
||
Danny Peary Cult Movie Stars New York, [..], 1991 |
||
James Robert Parish with Earl Anderson, Richard E. Braff, John Robert Cocchi, and Harry Purvis Hollywood Character Actors New Rochelle, New York, 1978 |
||
Alfred E. Twomey and Arthur F. McClure The Versatiles, A Study of Supporting Character Actors and Actresses in the American Motion Picture, 1930-1955 South Brunswick and New York - London, 1969 |
||
Paul Michael, editor in chief. James Robert Parish, associate editor The American movies reference book, The sound era Englewood Cliffs, N.J.,, 1969 |
||
Martin J. Quigley (ed.) The Motion Picture Almanac, Big Stars in Big Pictures Chicago, Ill., 1929 |
John Richard Finch and Paul Elby Close-Ups, From the Golden Age of the Silent Cinema South Brunswick and New York - London, 1978 |